A few days back I had been to an energy development company selling products for the Bottom of Pyramid consumers. I was invited by the development manager to take a look at the styling work that served no purpose for the consumer. The brightly lit office had a corner section for storing reference products. There were some four to five products based on two platforms specifically targeted for the rural markets. The products were originally designed by engineers and later on handed over to some freelancing product designers to make the product sell-able. In course of the project, the manager expected some ground breaking designs to be delivered soon but was constantly updated with beautiful looking renders and presentations. Four months down the line, the project was half scrapped and the original designs were restored.
Design teaches you wonderful things. The very first book every design student reads is lateral thinking. The very first lesson in design is color and harmony. Beautiful things do matter but we have to take design beyond mere looks and feel to the current buzz word- Innovation. There is no tried and tested method in design. Intuition is a major factor that drives successful designers to look into the unknown and craft beautiful products. Now while intuition does wonders for a designer, an organization cannot create a design framework based on spiritual theories. Companies hire freelancing designers for cost-effective styling but do not foresee the trap of mere styling over innovation. I saw the existing products redesigned with a beautiful camouflage but the product as a whole served no purpose beyond looking good. The manager was equally disappointed and had ‘made up his mind’ over product designers.
After doing few rounds of the newly designed products, I saw the poster of a village woman happily cooking on an innovative chulla. I was curious to know if any Customer Relationship Managment tools or user experience theories are ever used by the companies for the BoP segment. After I left the office, I spent a few days researching this topic and gathered some insights. Products that are designed specially for the BoP segment are sold thorough a network of local sellers that double up as sympathetic family advisors to the consumer. Such products form a platform of various services instead of being a single usable product. In contrast, branded products made for the BoP consumer is sold heavily on value proposition and demonstrated marketing. The research also made me realize how few tools existed for the BoP market, that companies could utilize in order to build relationships and loyalty with their customers and offer them a well design user experience.
A few days later I was brainstorming with my colleagues on the existing design framework that looked quite outdated for the latest design trends. We were content with placing technology as the driving force for innovation but this principle seems obsolete for BoP products. In general terms, introducing technology in an existing system means feature addition and hence increasing the overall cost factor. Consumers enjoy buying feature rich products but will be resisted to pay those extra bucks. To find a sweet-spot between features and cost, we looked at technology from a different angle, from the perspective of combining features at a reduced cost. Of the many terminologies used for frugal design, I define the feature stripping process as addition of addition of features over reduced platforms. Product platforms show up brightly on the balance sheet but having multiple platforms will have a negative impact on the future growth.
Thinking on lines of BoP, I attended a garage conference for IT startup’s. Present in the conference were middle managers trying hard to convert their ideas and codes into money-making balance sheets. A prominent topic in the discussion was heading towards the adaptability of cloud services for small-scale business. Cloud services are no longer a thing of the future. Many interesting features and practical pricing has changed the tone from why cloud? to how cloud? People are curious to know the innumerable possibilities of cloud based computing applied to their enterprise ideas. Some of the interesting ideas in this conference came from professionals who have considerable rural life experience and would like to launch an array of financial and social services using low-cost technology.
In the current scenario, ‘design for the other 90%’ revolves around conventional theories of product design and creative engineering. The fundamental idea of designing a low-cost BoP product is to improve the quality of life in that segment. I had a second thought in this regard. What happens a consumer who moves one level up from the BoP segment? Well, that will bring another set of thought process but such a change is what the emerging markets desire.













